350 BC to 310 BC; Organic Chronology of Interesting Events

In this open source review of world history, we are concentrating on the Middle Eastern and Mediterranean royal families that feature so prominently in the Old Testament. Each post is a rough sketch, intended to be fleshed out by comments from you the reader, and expansions of posts by myself. I will also respond to intriguing, intelligent comments, but not always immediately.

Circa 350 BC, Alexander I becomes king of Epirus after his brother-in-law Philip II of Macedon dethrones Alexander's cousin Arymbas, while over in Greece Aristotle argues for a spherical Earth using lunar eclipses and other observations. Also he discusses logical reasoning in Organon.

Around 330 BC according to wikipedia.org:

• January 20—Alexander the Great defeats the Persians, led by satrap Ariobarzanes, at thePersian Gates. In this battle, Ariobarzan, supported by only 700 Persian Immortals, holds the vast Macedonian army of 17,000 men at bay for 30 days. At the end, his troops are surrounded by Alexander's army, because of a Persian shepherd, who leads it around the Persian defenses. However, instead of surrendering, Ariobarzan and his 700 Immortals fight to the last man. Some historians consider him to be the Leonidas of Persia.
• January 30—After gaining the Pass of the Persian Gates, Alexander enters Persepolis. There he ceremonially burns down the palace of Xerxes I, as a symbol that the Panhellenic war of revenge is at an end.
• Before continuing his pursuit of Darius III, who has retreated into Bactria, Alexander assembles all the Persian treasure and entrusts it to Harpalus, who is to hold it at Ecbatana as chief treasurer. Parmenion is also left behind in Media to manage communications between Alexander and the rest of his rapidly growing lands.

By 320 BC:

• Alexander the Great's various generals control different parts of Alexander's empire. Ptolemy controls Egypt, Seleucus controls Babylon and Syria, Antipaterand his son Cassander control Macedon and Greece, Antigonus controls Phrygia and other parts of Asia Minor, Lysimachus controls Thrace and Pergamum and Eumenes controls theCappadocia and Pontus areas.
• Judea and Syria are annexed by Ptolemy and he gives Judea a large measure of self-government.
• Eudemus makes himself master of the territories of the Indian king Porus, and treacherously puts that monarch to death.

Here is a more recent explanation of Dhul-Qarmayn, Alexander the Great in Muslim tradition.

Persian Empire era 2009 research study by Charles Pope

680 BC to 630 BC: Organic Review of Global History

Circa 676 BC King Zhou Hui Wang becomes leader of Zhou Dynasty of China. During the 670s Esarhaddon of Assyria was rebuilding Babylon as his base, preparing for his eventual attack on Egypt, where he capture the city of Memphis and several members of the royal family. In 669 BC Ashurbanipal succeeds his father Esarhaddon as King of the Assyrian Empire. King Ashurbanipal created one of the most advanced, systematically organized libraries ever known to man, certainly among the finest that had ever been built up to that time and for awhile afterwards the Nineveh library shown as a beacon of learning.

The conquering and plundering of Thebes in 664 BC by Ashurbanipal of Assyria is perceived as retribution for the regional revolution led by King Taharqa of the Twenty-Fifth Dynasty, possibly the last fully Black African ruler to be King of the World. The Sun Kings had returned from exile around 700 BC to found the 25th Dynasty, but this time the exile would become a fracture among the Children of God.

The sacking of the Holy City Thebes was the final straw for the Chosen and the permanizing of the New Jerusalem in Palestine became paramount for Israel. Though Judah was also to rebuild in the North, the original south inhabitants of Ethiopia, Kush and Nubia retreated to Meroe and Napata, and eventually to Axum.

In 660 BC Psamtik I drove the Assyrians out of Egypt, but the days of the Nile being ruled by Nubian kings would be gone for millennia, if not forever.

By the 650s BC, Europe was experiencing a colder and wetter climate than had been the case for the previous century and a half, and human migration was southward from the Scandinavian and Germanic regions into Rome, Gaul and Spain. Circa 651 BC Zhou Xiang Wang becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty in China, and about a year later Perdiccas Temenid founded the Macedonian kingdom with construction of the capital at Aegeae Vergina.

In 645 BC, the year of the death of Guan Zong, Prime Minister of the State of Qi, China, five meteors were seen and recorded as being viewed over what is now Shanqiu County, Henan Province, China. 643 BC is recorded as the year of the death of Manasseh of Judah, son of King Hezekiah.