450 BC to 410 BC; Revised Chronology of Global History

In this organic review of the past 3,000 years, each post represents a preliminary sketch of the time period, with the intention of fleshing it out into a fuller story of the era in the months and years ahead.

It was around 450 BC when Ezra folded the stories of Israel and Judah into the roots of what we know as the Torah today. It was the time of the 27th Dynasty in Egypt, and as Persia had conquered that nation, Persian Emperor Artaxerzes, like Darius and Xerxes before him, also became Pharaoh Artaxerxes.

Between 449 BC and 445 BC Middle Earth was abuzz with activty, as te Twelve Tables are promulgated to the people of Rome—the first public laws of the Roman Republic.

• 449 BC—Romans revolt against thedecemvirate. The decemvirs resign and the tribunate is re-established.
• 449 BC—Herodotus completes his History, which records the events concerning the Persian War. The next year, the Peace of Callias between the Delian League and Persia ended the Persian Wars, and Phidias finished a 9 meter high statue of Athena on the Acropolis.
• In 447 BC, Athens began construction of the Parthenon, at the initiative of Pericles, while in the Battle of Coronea, the Athenians were driven from Boeotia.
• In 445 BC, Pericles declared Thirty Years Peace between Athens and Sparta, while Artaxerxes I issued Nehemiah permission to rebuild Jerusalem.

Circa 440 BC, Zhao Kao Wang became King of the Zhao Dynasty in China, while over in Greece Democritus proposed the existence of individual particles as the root of matter, and he named them atoms.

Sometime around 429 BC the pioneering Greek historian Herodotus died. Circa 413 BC, Tissaphernes, the Persian Satrap of Lydia and Caria, forms an alliance with Sparta.